The geopolitics of the Indian Ocean has become the focus of global attention due to its strategic position and wealth of natural resources. As a very important trade route, the Indian Ocean connects Asia, Africa and Australia, and is a major route for maritime shipping. In this context, various countries around the Indian Ocean, including Indonesia, India, Australia and East African countries, play a significant role in shaping the existing geopolitical dynamics. The Indian Ocean is rich in resources, such as oil, gas and fish products, which are targets for many countries. In addition, with the increasing demand for energy and global food needs, control of this region will provide huge economic benefits. This has prompted several countries to strengthen their military presence in the region, creating the potential for conflict that could affect regional security. China’s growing influence in the Indian Ocean, through the Belt and Road Initiative, is a challenge for surrounding countries. China’s large investments in port infrastructure and maritime connectivity increase economic dependence on Beijing, but also raise concerns about China’s military and political dominance in the region. This sparked a response from countries like India, which sought to strengthen alliances with other countries to counter Chinese hegemony. Regarding regional security, possible conflicts also include maritime issues, such as territorial disputes in the South China Sea which affect the stability of the Indian Ocean. Tensions between countries claiming rights to these islands and strategic shipping lanes have the potential to disrupt the security of maritime trade. In addition, the presence of terrorist groups and pirates in the southern Indian Ocean region further aggravates the situation, resulting in additional challenges for shipping security. In dealing with these issues, cooperation between countries is very important. Multilateral diplomatic efforts through forums such as ASEAN and IORA (Indian Ocean Rim Association) aim to build dialogue and collaboration in facing challenges such as maritime security, natural resource management and climate change. Through a synergistic approach, countries can create greater stability in the region. The importance of maintaining security in the Indian Ocean is becoming increasingly clear, especially with increasing global dependence on this trade route. Maritime security, territorial surveillance and increasing the naval capacity of surrounding countries will be priorities to reduce the potential for conflict. In addition, cooperation in exchanging intelligence information and joint military exercises can strengthen the position of participating countries in facing threats. The Indian Ocean also holds cultural and historical riches that influence relations between countries. Social and economic interaction between countries in this region can create a sense of mutual understanding and reduce tension. Civil society also plays a role in supporting diplomatic efforts through cultural and educational exchanges. As geopolitical dynamics continue to develop, understanding the Indian Ocean and its implications for regional security must be understood comprehensively. Countries in this region need to synergize and find effective solutions to create sustainable stability. As challenges arise, it will be very important for surrounding countries to continue to adapt and innovate in maintaining regional security.